Thermal Property Converter
Convert thermal conductivity (W/m·K ↔ BTU·in/h·ft²·°F) and thermal expansion (1/°C ↔ 1/°F).
Inputs
About Thermal Properties
- Thermal conductivity (k or λ) measures how readily a material conducts heat. SI unit: W/(m·K). The imperial unit BTU·in/(h·ft²·°F) represents heat flow per inch of thickness per unit area per degree Fahrenheit. 1 W/(m·K) = 6.9355 BTU·in/(h·ft²·°F).
- The coefficient of thermal expansion (CTE, α) quantifies how much a material expands per degree temperature rise. SI unit: 1/°C (= 1/K). Since 1 °C = 9/5 °F in temperature intervals, α (1/°F) = α (1/°C) × 5/9.
- Typical thermal conductivities: copper ≈ 385 W/(m·K), aluminium ≈ 205, carbon steel ≈ 50, stainless steel ≈ 16, concrete ≈ 1.7, glass ≈ 1.0. These values are critical for heat exchanger and insulation design.
- Typical CTEs: aluminium ≈ 23 × 10⁻⁶/°C (12.8 × 10⁻⁶/°F), carbon steel ≈ 12 × 10⁻⁶/°C (6.67 × 10⁻⁶/°F), concrete ≈ 10–12 × 10⁻⁶/°C. CTE mismatch causes thermal stress in composite structures.
| 材料 | 热导率 W/(m·K) | 膨胀系数 ×10⁻⁶/°C |
|---|---|---|
| 铜 | 385 | 17 |
| 铝 | 205 | 23 |
| 钢（碳钢） | 50 | 12 |
| 不锈钢 | 16 | 17 |
| 混凝土 | 1.7 | 10–12 |
| 玻璃 | 1.0 | 9 |